Major changes: Fixed FlankerRep and TargetRep to include duplications (e.g., 130 followed by 130). Added model with TargetRep included as covariate.

1. N2

“Current” trial will be included if:
1) Current trial is not rejected due to artifacts.
2) Current trial is not the first trial of the block (i.e. trial 1, 101, 201, 301 etc. are not included).
3) Both current trial and previous trial are correct.

The following electrodes are included: F3, Fz, F4, FC3, FCz, FC4, C3, Cz, C4.

The following subjects were excluded: - 92 (wrong number of trials, possibly data collection error) - 64 (<50% accuracy rate) - 65 (only 187 usable trials (23.3%))

One or more electrodes were bad for subjects 19, 74, and 137 (data from those electrodes is discarded).

Besides that, ERP data is completely missing for subs 36, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 51, 53, 54, 56, 57, 78.

Total sample is 36 subjects.

Trigger Codes: Comp: Target Left, Flanker Left = 110.
Comp: Target Right, Flanker Right = 130.
Incomp: Target Left, Flanker Right = 150.
Incomp: Target Right, Flanker Left = 170.

CompleteRep (24.3%) = repetition of same trial (e.g., excludes 110 following 110)
AnyRep (74.8%) = either target or flanker is repeated (only includes 110/130 pair, 150/170 pair)
TargetRep (~50%) = target is repeated (excludes 150/110 pair, 170/130 pair)
FlankerRep (~50%) = flanker is repeated (excludes 150/130 pair, 170/110 pair)

A. TargetRep trials taken out

Plot over whole task

Slopes and estimates of lines are from the MLM, not fitted with OLS.

Simple slopes

Trial is scaled to range from 0 to 8 (instead of 1 to 800) so that the betas associated with trial are a little bigger (but significance testing is unaffected by linear scaling, so the test statistics and p values will be the same as if we used the unscaled Trial variable).

Estimate SE ci95_lower ci95_upper Current Previous Color
-0.1011 0.0239 -0.1489 -0.0534 Compat Compat dashed blue
-0.1303 0.0252 -0.1808 -0.0798 Compat Incompat dashed red
0.0586 0.0255 0.0075 0.1096 Incompat Compat solid blue
-0.0296 0.0263 -0.0822 0.0230 Incompat Incompat solid red
Fixed effects of Trial and interactions with Trial:

Trial is centered and scaled to range from -4 to 4.

Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
Trial.begin -0.051 0.013 103061.9 -3.967 0.000
Current:Trial.begin 0.065 0.013 102629.8 5.104 0.000
Previous:Trial.begin -0.029 0.013 102421.0 -2.298 0.022
Current:Previous:Trial.begin -0.015 0.013 103066.2 -1.156 0.248
Fixed effects at beginning of task:
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.488 0.442 35.898 5.627 0.000
Current -0.685 0.106 56.602 -6.486 0.000
Previous 0.256 0.073 113.702 3.482 0.001
Current:Previous 0.076 0.098 62.301 0.775 0.441

Marginal means:
Error bars represent standard error.

Fixed effects at middle of task:
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.286 0.439 34.988 5.202 0.000
Current -0.424 0.093 34.300 -4.555 0.000
Previous 0.139 0.054 33.403 2.561 0.015
Current:Previous 0.017 0.085 34.483 0.202 0.841

Marginal means:
Error bars represent standard error.

Fixed effects at end of task:
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.083 0.442 35.992 4.708 0.000
Current -0.164 0.107 59.324 -1.533 0.131
Previous 0.021 0.075 124.420 0.283 0.778
Current:Previous -0.042 0.100 65.738 -0.420 0.676

Marginal means:
Error bars represent standard error.

B. CompleteRep trials taken out

Plot over whole task

Slopes and estimates of lines are from the MLM, not fitted with OLS.

Simple slopes

Trial is scaled to range from 0 to 8 (instead of 1 to 800) so that the betas associated with trial are a little bigger (but significance testing is unaffected by linear scaling, so the test statistics and p values will be the same as if we used the unscaled Trial variable).

Estimate SE ci95_lower ci95_upper Current Previous Color
-0.1012 0.0239 -0.14909 -0.0533 Compat Compat dashed blue
-0.0901 0.0179 -0.12588 -0.0544 Compat Incompat dashed red
0.0280 0.0180 -0.00798 0.0639 Incompat Compat solid blue
-0.0302 0.0264 -0.08292 0.0226 Incompat Incompat solid red
Fixed effects of Trial and interactions with Trial:

Trial is centered and scaled to range from -4 to 4.

Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
Trial.begin -0.048 0.011 154260.3 -4.380 0.000
Current:Trial.begin 0.047 0.011 153954.2 4.282 0.000
Previous:Trial.begin -0.012 0.011 153829.7 -1.064 0.287
Current:Previous:Trial.begin -0.017 0.011 154218.4 -1.567 0.117
Fixed effects at beginning of task:
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.431 0.424 35.747 5.738 0.000
Current -0.565 0.104 50.342 -5.461 0.000
Previous 0.136 0.071 84.947 1.927 0.057
Current:Previous 0.133 0.096 54.529 1.384 0.172

Marginal means:
Error bars represent standard error.

Fixed effects at middle of task:
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.237 0.421 35.003 5.308 0.000
Current -0.376 0.094 34.455 -3.994 0.000
Previous 0.089 0.056 33.502 1.591 0.121
Current:Previous 0.063 0.086 34.760 0.740 0.464

Marginal means:
Error bars represent standard error.

Fixed effects at end of task:
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.044 0.424 35.812 4.821 0.000
Current -0.187 0.104 52.257 -1.788 0.080
Previous 0.042 0.072 91.719 0.583 0.562
Current:Previous -0.006 0.097 56.962 -0.061 0.952

Marginal means:
Error bars represent standard error.

C. TargetRep trials retained, included as covariate

Plot over whole task, separately for TargetRep and non-TargetRep

Slopes and estimates of lines are from the MLM, not fitted with OLS.

Beginning of the task

Current and Previous are effect coded, trial ranges from 0 to 8.

Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.499 0.438 36.084 5.707 0.000
Current -0.684 0.058 204606.348 -11.759 0.000
Previous 0.257 0.058 204606.533 4.417 0.000
Current:Previous 0.080 0.058 204607.170 1.380 0.168
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
Trial.begin -0.050 0.013 204608.0 -3.879 0.000
Current:Trial.begin 0.073 0.013 204606.4 5.717 0.000
Previous:Trial.begin -0.026 0.013 204606.5 -2.061 0.039
Current:Previous:Trial.begin -0.010 0.013 204607.3 -0.814 0.416
Trial.begin:TargetRep -0.003 0.018 204607.6 -0.163 0.871
Current:Trial.begin:TargetRep -0.127 0.018 204606.7 -6.984 0.000
Previous:Trial.begin:TargetRep -0.053 0.018 204607.2 -2.924 0.003
Current:Previous:Trial.begin:TargetRep -0.017 0.018 204607.1 -0.960 0.337
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
TargetRep -0.079 0.082 204607.2 -0.963 0.335
Current:TargetRep 0.543 0.082 204606.5 6.598 0.000
Previous:TargetRep 0.073 0.082 204607.1 0.881 0.378
Current:Previous:TargetRep 0.167 0.082 204607.2 2.025 0.043
Middle of the task

Current and Previous are effect coded, trial ranges from -4 to 4.

Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.300 0.435 35.148 5.287 0.000
Current -0.390 0.030 204607.709 -13.213 0.000
Previous 0.151 0.030 204608.345 5.111 0.000
Current:Previous 0.038 0.030 204608.115 1.303 0.193
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
TargetRep -0.079 0.082 204607.2 -0.963 0.335
Current:TargetRep 0.543 0.082 204606.5 6.598 0.000
Previous:TargetRep 0.073 0.082 204607.1 0.881 0.378
Current:Previous:TargetRep 0.167 0.082 204607.2 2.025 0.043
End of the task

Current and Previous are effect coded, trial ranges from -8 to 0.

Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.101 0.438 36.181 4.795 0.000
Current -0.097 0.060 204607.087 -1.614 0.106
Previous 0.045 0.060 204607.362 0.753 0.451
Current:Previous -0.003 0.060 204607.905 -0.054 0.957
Estimate Std. Error df t value Pr(>|t|)
TargetRep -0.079 0.082 204607.2 -0.963 0.335
Current:TargetRep 0.543 0.082 204606.5 6.598 0.000
Previous:TargetRep 0.073 0.082 204607.1 0.881 0.378
Current:Previous:TargetRep 0.167 0.082 204607.2 2.025 0.043